{"id":781,"date":"2019-07-10T16:17:32","date_gmt":"2019-07-10T14:17:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/unmz-wp.e-bs.cz\/?page_id=781"},"modified":"2025-10-24T07:19:45","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T05:19:45","slug":"information-portal-construction-products","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/statni-zkusebnictvi\/informacni-portal-unmz\/information-portal-construction-products\/","title":{"rendered":"Information portal - Construction products"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"dplocha\" class=\"clanek\">\n<h2><strong>I Construction products with CE marking in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=CELEX:02011R0305-20241117&amp;qid=1733136697145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">regulation (EU) No 305\/2011<\/a> (CPR-2011)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"Studie\" align=\"right\"><b><a href=\"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/urad\/information-portal-unmz-specialized-on-legal-and-technical-documents-in-the-field-of-introduction-of-construction-products-to-the-unified-european-market-c233\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Czech version<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/1_29a_postup_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>The procedure for placing construction products on the market according to CPR-2011<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/en\/normy\/70\/prehled-harmonizovanych-norem-k-cpr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Harmonized standards database under CPR-2011<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0 <b>(+<\/b><strong><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/en\/normy\/72\/shrnuti-zmen-provedenych-v-aktualnim-prehledu-norem\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">actual changes<\/a><\/b><\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/en\/normy\/1402\/databaze-evropskych-dokumentu-pro-posuzovani-ead-k-narizeni-ep-a-rady-eu-c-305-2011-cpr-\">Database of European Assessment Documents (EAD) under CPR-2011<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/en\/normy\/71\/harmonizovane-normy-rozdelene-do-skupin-vyrobku-podle-prilohy-iv-k-cpr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Assignment of harmonized standards and EAD to groups of products (according to CPR 1, Annex IV)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=unmz\/nv190\/horizont.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Horizontal specifications<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=unmz\/nv190\/no_190.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Czech notified bodies and technical assessment bodies (TAB) to CPR-2011<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/dok_es\/pps\/1_plus_pps.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">System 1+<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/dok_es\/pps\/1_pps.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">System 1<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/dok_es\/pps\/2_plus_pps.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">System 2+<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/dok_es\/pps\/3_pps.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">System 3<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/dok_es\/pps\/3_plus_pps.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">System 3+<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/dok_es\/pps\/4_pps.htm\">System 4<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Basic work requirements:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/angl\/zp_1.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No. 1 - Mechanical resistance and stability<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/angl\/zp_2.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No. 2- Safety in case of fire<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/angl\/zp_3.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No. 3 - Hygiene, health and the environment<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/angl\/zp_4.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No 4 - Safety and accessibility in use<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/angl\/zp_5.htm\">No. 5 - Protection against noise<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/angl\/zp_6.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No. 6- Energy economy and heat retention<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/angl\/zp_7.htm\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No. 7 - Sustainable use of natural resources<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.mpo.cz\/zprava147314.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Czech Product Contact Point For Construction<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><b><a href=\"https:\/\/single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu\/sectors\/construction\/construction-products-regulation-cpr\/frequently-asked-questions_en\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Frequently asked questions<\/a><\/b><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"dplocha\" class=\"clanek\">\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><strong>II Construction products with CE marking in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/HTML\/?uri=OJ:L_202403110&amp;qid=1760345790507\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">regulation (EU) No 2024\/3110<\/a> (CPR-2024)<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/1_3_cpr_2024_postup_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>The procedure for placing construction products on the market according to CPR-2024 <\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/en\/normy\/1814\/databaze-harmonizovanych-norem-k-narizeni-ep-a-rady-eu-c-2024-3110-cpr-2-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Harmonized standards database for CPR-2024<\/a> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/normy\/1814\/databaze-harmonizovanych-norem-k-narizeni-ep-a-rady-eu-c-2024-3110-cpr-2024-\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">European Assessment Documents (EADs) database for CPR-2024<\/a> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Czech notified bodies and technical assessment bodies (TAB) to CPR-2024 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Assessment and Verification of Constancy of Performance for CPR-2024:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/pps\/1_plus_pps_cpr1_2_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">System 1+<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/pps\/1_pps%20_cpr1_2_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">System 1<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/pps\/2_plus_pps_cpr1_2_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">System 2+<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/pps\/3_pps_cpr1_2_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">System 3<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/pps\/3_plus_pps_cpr1_2_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">System 3+<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/pps\/4_pps_cpr1_2_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">System 4<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Basic work requirements for CPR-2024:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/new-issue-of-metrology-3\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 1 - Structural integrity of construction works<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/1_3_crp2_zp2_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 2- Fire safety of construction works<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/1_3_crp2_zp3_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 3 - Protection against adverse hygiene and health impacts related to construction works<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/1_3_crp2_zp4_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No 4 - Safety and accessibility of construction works<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/1_3_cpr2_zp5_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 5 - Resistance to the passage of sound and acoustic properties of construction works<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/1_3_cpr2_zp6_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 6- Energy efficiency and thermal performance of construction works<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/1_3_cpr2_zp7_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 7 - Emissions into the outdoor environment of construction work<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/cpr2\/1_3_cpr2_zp8_en.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No. 8 - Sustainable use of natural resources of construction works<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"dplocha\" class=\"clanek\">\n<h2><strong>III. Construction products without CE marking in accordance with <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/tech_poz\/tech_poz\/cr\/pp_cr\/vybr_stav\/un_163_2002\/un_163_2002.htm\">Government Order No. 163\/2002 Coll. <\/a><\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/1_29b_postup_en.htm\"><strong>The procedure for placing construction products on the market according to <\/strong><\/a><strong>the Government Order No. 163\/2002 Coll. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/tech_poz\/tech_poz\/cr\/pp_cr\/vybr_stav\/un_163_2002\/un_163_2002.htm\">List of specified standards to Government Order No. 163\/2002 Coll. <\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/ao163.htm\">List of Czech authorized bodies with scope of authorization for selected construction products <\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Product groups according to Annex No. 2 Government Order No. <b>163\/2002 Coll.<\/b>., with assigned equivalent technical guides, conformity assessment procedures, activities of authorized bodies: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_1.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Construction products for concrete and reinforced concrete parts of construction works <\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_2.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_2.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Construction products for masonry works<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_3.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_3.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Construction products for wood and timber products and timber constructions<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_4.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_4.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Construction products for metal constructions<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_5.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_5.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Protective, thermal and sound insulating materials and products, waterprooofing materials, roof coverings and adhesives<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_6.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_6.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Construction glass products<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_7.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_7.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Construction products for waste water engineering and liquid and gas distribution system <\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_8.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_8.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Construction products for opening closures<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_9.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_9.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Special materials, products, structures and equipment<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_10.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_10.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Technical equipment of buildings <\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_11.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_11.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Construction products for internal and external wall, ceiling and floor finishes<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_12.htm\" target=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/unmz\/nv163\/polozky\/pol_12.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Construction products for sanitary appliances<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>IV.Other useful information<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=unmz\/uvod\/prirucky\/eurokod.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>Eurocodes<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/1_30_cr_dalsi_en.htm\">Czech legislation relating to the construction products<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/1_24_souvis_cr_en.htm\">Czech legislation relating to construction works<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/1_27_zkratky.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Abbreviations<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/files\/stav_vyr\/1_4_rk.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Commission Decisions (CPD)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/1_6a_hen.htm\">CEN\/CENELEC Mandates (CPD)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sgpstandard.cz\/editor\/unmz\/?u=stav_vyr\/1_7m_eta.htm\">Mandates EOTA for ETA (CPD)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/en\/normy\/556\/harmonizovane-normy-rozdelene-podle-oblasti\">All harmonized standards (not only CPR) grouped by sectors<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/en\/normy\/475\/databaze-harmonizovanych-norem-480\">Searching in harmonized standards database for all sectors<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nlfnorm.cz\/terminologicky-slovnik\">Terminology database<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I Construction products with CE marking in accordance with regulation (EU)\u00a0 No 305\/2011 (CPR-2011) Czech version The procedure for placing construction products on the market according to CPR-2011 Harmonized standards database under CPR-2011\u00a0 (+actual changes) Database of European Assessment Documents (EAD) under CPR-2011 Assignment of harmonized standards and EAD to groups of products (according to [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":771,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-781","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/781","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=781"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/781\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11772,"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/781\/revisions\/11772"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/771"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/unmz.gov.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=781"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}